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Geographic references

The following islistsources used increationWikipedia articles on various geographic topicslocations, such as cities, counties, states,countries. These sourcescited withinthousandsarticles which linkthis page.

1 The United States Census Bureau's 2000 gazetteer. This wasprimary source forlatitudelongitude valuesabout 23,500 U.S. cities. The dataindexed by state, county,place FIPS codes.
Source: http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html
2 The United States Census Bureau's 2000 census data. Much ofgeographicdemographic information forU.S. states, counties,cities came fromraw data onsite. The datanot totally accurate duevarious polling errors, butaresufficient estimator. SeeBureau's websitemore information. The data were used forfollowing topics: geographic areas (total, land,water), populationhousing unit densities, demographic spreads across race, age, sex,income. The dataindexed by state, county,place FIPS codes. See also Race (US Census) forlist ofdefinitionrace according toU.S. Census Bureau.
Source: http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/BasicFactsServlet
3 The Geographic Names Information System developed byUnited States Geological Survey. The data contain information onwide rangegeographic features such as populated places, rivers, mountains, certain buildings, etc. The data provided include geographic coordinates, elevation atpoint, population (if applicable), andFIPS codes forstatecounty containingfeature (but notfeature itself).
Source: http://geonames.usgs.gov/
4 The FIPS55 database, which contains standardized codespopulated places inUnited States. The system describescodes andrelationships between different entities, such aspartrelationship betweenU.S. state andcounty. It also contains zip code information.
Source: http://geonames.usgs.gov/fips55.html
5 The National ImageryMapping Agency's (NIMA) databaseforeign geographic feature names. Excludes information onUnited StatesAntarctica. Includes geographical coordinates inWGS-84 format. Site also includes information onFIPS10 standard.
Source: http://www.nima.mil/gns/html/index.html
6 A list ofU.S. county seats.
Source: http://www.campbellslist.com/county_seats/select_county_seat.html
7 The CIA World Factbook, which contains tablesmiscellaneous facts aboutcountries ofworld.
Source: http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/
8 The U.S. DepartmentState website, which containsvarietyfactsstatistics about countries ofworld.
Source: http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/

Other sources

The following islistresources useful forspecific subset ofgeographic topics. These resources can be used asfuture sourceadditional information on that specific topic.

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