Extended technique

Extended technique is the term for contemporary techniques of playing musical instruments not traditionally employed.

Examples include added electronics, MIDI control, unusual bowinging technique, breath technique, or articulation such as multiphonics, tonguing or flutter tonguing, or continuous breathing.

Well known performers and composers who use a notable amount of extended techniques include:

• composer Sofia Gubaidulina
• vocalist Joan La Barbara
• vocalist Shelley Hirsch
• vocalist and composer Meredith Monk
• composer and multireedist Joseph Celli
• pianist and composer David Tudor in his own work and in the prepared piano techniques of Cage and the New York School
• cellist and improviser Frances-Marie Uitti

Reading

• Stuart Dempster's The Modern Trombone: A Definition of Its Idioms, ASIN 0520032527.
• Patricia Strange's ''The Contemporary Violin, ISBN 0520224094.
• Bertram Turetzky's The Contemporary Contrabass ASIN 0520063813.